一、电压档:
在检测或制作时,可以用来测量器件的各脚电压,与正常时的电压比较,即可得出是否损坏。还可以用来检测稳压值较小的稳压二极管的稳压值,其原理如 图:R为1K,电源端的电压视稳压管的标称稳压值而定,一般比标称电压大3V以上,但不要超过15V。再用万用表检测D管两端电压值,此值既为D管实际稳 压值。
二、电流档
将表串入电路中,对电流进行测量和监视,若电流远偏离正常值(凭经验或原有正常参数),必要时可以调整电路或者需要检修。还可以利用该表的20A档测 量电池的短路电流,即将两表笔直接接在电池两端。切记时间绝对不要超过1秒!注意:此方法只适用于干电池,5号,7号充电电池,且初学者要有熟悉维修的人 员指导下进行,切不可自行操作!根据短路电流即可判断电池的性能,在满电的同种电池的情况下,短路电流越大越好。
三、电阻档;
可用于判断电阻,二极管,三极管好坏的方法之一。对于电阻其实际阻值偏离标称值过多时则已损坏。对于二三极管,若任两脚间的电阻都不为很大值(几百K 以上),则可认为性能下降或者已击穿损坏,注意此三极管是不带阻的。此法也可用于集成块,须要说明的是:集成块的测量只能和正常时参数作比较。
四、现在普通万用表的表笔都存在阻值较大,有兴趣的爱好者可自行制作一副表笔;方法:准备一米左右的优质音箱线或者多蕊铜电线,带绝缘套的夹子一对 (红黑色),用于音箱接线的香蕉插一对(红黑色);线的一端焊牢在夹上,另一端相应接入香蕉插中;一副优良的表笔即大功告成。
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